What it measures
Mitochondrial antibodies (AMA) are antibodies against mitochondria, the energy-producing parts of the body's own cells. They are found in most people with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), a condition affecting the small bile ducts in the liver.
Why people test it
- Measured when liver tests show a raised ALP, to look for PBC.
- Part of an autoimmune liver screen, with antinuclear and smooth muscle antibodies.
- Checked when itching or tiredness come with abnormal liver tests.
Typical range
The result is reported as positive or negative, often with a titre (how far the sample can be diluted and still show the antibody) or as a level of the M2 type. Labs use their own methods and cut-offs, and the report shows the lab's wording.
Finger-prick or vein?
A finger-prick sample is often enough, as antibody tests need only a small amount of serum. A vein sample is taken where a lab or a larger panel needs more blood.