What it measures
Looks in urine for circulating cathodic antigen (CCA), a protein released by living Schistosoma worms, the parasites behind bilharzia. Unlike antibodies, which can stay for years, the antigen points to worms present now. It picks up the gut and liver species (Schistosoma mansoni) better than the bladder species.
Why people test it
- Checked after contact with fresh water in an area where bilharzia is found.
- Used to look for an active infection, as antibody tests can stay positive after the worms have gone.
Typical range
Reported as positive or negative, and some tests also give a trace result. Methods vary between labs, and your report shows how the lab reads the result.
Finger-prick or vein?
A urine sample, not blood. Offered as a kit only, with the urine posted to the lab.